Government of India

The Government of India (GOI) is a sovereign entity that facilitates economic growth and social welfare through various financial mechanisms. It does not operate as a singular investment fund but rather through numerous ministries, departments, and specialized schemes. These initiatives provide non-repayable grants, subsidies, and credit-linked support to businesses, startups, and organizations to promote innovation, employment, and strategic sectors. For instance, the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) provides grants for R&D, as seen with 'Mission COVID Suraksha', which funded vaccine development. The GOI also acts as an investor and a Limited Partner (LP) through dedicated vehicles like the National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF), which is anchored by the government with a 49% stake and invests in infrastructure projects. Additionally, it supports the startup ecosystem through programs like the Startup India Seed Fund Scheme (SISFS), which provides financial assistance for proof of concept, prototype development, and commercialization.